Naturalization (Japanese Citizenship)

A naturalization application is the formal procedure that foreign nationals residing in Japan undertake to acquire Japanese nationality. Through this process, they are legally granted the status of a Japanese citizen, eliminating the need for procedures such as renewing a residence status. Since Japan, in principle, does not allow dual nationality, you will lose the nationality of your country of origin upon approval of naturalization. Therefore, careful consideration is required before choosing to apply for naturalization.

People have various reasons for seeking naturalization, but since it results in acquiring Japanese nationality, it brings significant changes compared to living in Japan as a foreigner. For example, you will gain the right to vote in elections and the right to stand for office—that is, you can become a candidate. If you previously held a work visa, most restrictions on the type of industry or job you can work in will be lifted, and there will no longer be a need to renew your visa. You will also be able to obtain a Japanese passport. The Japanese passport is known as one of the most powerful in the world in terms of visa-free travel. Depending on your country of origin, having a Japanese passport may greatly increase your freedom to travel abroad.

To acquire Japanese nationality, you must meet the conditions specified by the Nationality Act and receive approval from the Minister of Justice. Here are the main requirements in simplified terms:

• You must have continuously resided in Japan for at least the past five years.
• You must be 20 years of age or older (exceptions may apply).
• You must be leading a lawful life, have no criminal record, and be fulfilling your tax obligations.
• You must have a stable income and a financial base sufficient to support yourself or your family.
• You must be willing to renounce your current nationality.
• You must understand and be willing to comply with the Japanese Constitution and laws.

These are criteria used to determine whether someone is suitable to become a member of Japanese society. You will need to prepare documents for the screening process and demonstrate that you meet these requirements.

Examples of Documents Required for Application

Documents to be created by the applicant:

• Naturalization application form (with photo)
• Document outlining family composition
• Statement detailing the reasons for naturalization
• Resume (including academic and work history)
• Document explaining household financial situation
• Business overview (for self-employed or business owners)

Official documents to be obtained:

• Certificate of residence (Juminhyo)
• Certificate regarding current nationality
• Documents showing family relationships (e.g., family register)
• Tax payment certificates
• Income certificates

Although you can apply for naturalization yourself by visiting and consulting with the Ministry of Justice, the types of documents you need to prepare and the adjustments required for your specific case are areas where professional advice is highly recommended.